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FLYWHEEL COUPLING
DEFIES NEWTON'S LAWS
By Harold Aspden
From: NEN, Vol. 5, No. 11, Mar. 1998, pp. 13-14.
New Energy News (NEN) copyright 1998 by Fusion Information Center, Inc.
COPYING NOT ALLOWED without written permission.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
FLYWHEEL COUPLING DEFIES NEWTON'S LAWS
Letter from Harold Aspden
Flywheel Coupling Defies Newton's Laws:
Jan 1998 IEEE paper
Dear Hal,
I thought your readers might be interested in something Jerry Decker has
drawn to my attention.
Jerry's access data are:
Jerry W. Decker:
Email: jdecker@keelynet.com
Website: http://keelynet.com
"From an Art to a Science"
Voice : (214) 324-8741
FAX : (214) 324-3501
KeelyNet
PO BOX 870716
Mesquite, Republic of Texas 75187
My E-mail message to Jerry:
Thanks for drawing my attention to the Harvey Morgan paper in IEEE
Aerospace and Electronic Systems (AES) of January 1998, pages 5 to 10,
"Now we can explore the Universe". I have just visited the library here
at Southampton University to take a look at it.
Yes, as you say, he had two flywheels separated by 1/16 inch facing each
other. When the motor was energized, it accelerated the lead flywheel
toward it's top rated speed. The other flywheel, in response to the
changing angular velocity and momentum of the lead flywheel, started
turning briskly - in the opposite direction!
Yes, that is contrary to Newton's laws! Harvey Morgan has confirmed that
there is a kind of spin field momentum that Professor Eric Laithwaite
had in mind when he performed his dual flywheel tests with a separating
partition between the two wheels.
Should anyone decide to research this further I would suggest that they
take account of what my 'vacuum spin' theory is about. Aether rotation
involves radial electric charge displacement and vice versa. So, spin a
flywheel and as it builds up speed there will be charge displaced
radially in aether coextensive with that wheel. If the flywheel is thin
in relation to its diameter and it has the face of another metal
flywheel closely adjacent, the charge displacement might be sensed
across the small air gap between the flywheels. It could conceivably
induce an opposite polarity charge displacement in the second flywheel,
and though not itself rotating initially, this might cause the second
flywheel to have, inside it, aether in spin in the opposite direction.
Then that second flywheel could begin to pick up that spin and so go
around in a direction opposite to that of the primary wheel.
Turn the drive power off and the first wheel stops accelerating and
begins to slow down, but if that charge displacement is determined by
acceleration it will subside immediately. The aether spin latent in the
primary wheel will keep going for quite a while and will spread to
expand into the second wheel and that, together with the air drag
coupling, could account for that second wheel beginning to rotate the
normal way.
As you say, in Harvey Morgan's experiment, 'When the electric motor was
turned off before reaching top speed, the other flywheel stopped
turning. It then started turning slowly in the same direction as the
lead flywheel, urged by the collapsing momentum field and the air
coupling between flywheels'.
All very fascinating! Now it needs someone to get that same experiment
up and running to check it out and then see how the coupling effect can
be regulated by orientation of the spin axis, how a very slow speed-up
affects things, how an applied magnetic field directed along the spin
axis might alter the results, etc.
My belief is that this is a good way to go forward on the free energy
front, because I am sure that the 'vacuum spin' or 'aether spin'
reaction is one which feeds in an inflow of 'free energy' from space.
The hydrosonic type of experiment in which one gets a metal rotor
rotating clockwise whilst water flows through rotor blades in a
counter-clockwise sense has the ingredients for generating 'free energy'
as heat output. Namely, get two aether spin systems sharing a common
axis and moving in counter-spin directions and somehow get them to crash
into each other.
I will put something about this on my Web pages at
http://www.energyscience.co.uk
one of these days.
Best regards,
Harold Aspden
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THE
WALLACE INVENTIONS, SPIN ALIGNED NUCLEI, THE GRAVITOMAGNETIC FIELD, AND
THE TAMPERE EXPERIMENT: IS THERE A CONNECTION?
By: Robert Stirniman
Date: Tue, 19 May 1998 11:13:39 -0700
From: Robert Stirniman
To: Patrick Bailey
Subject: [Fwd: Wallace & Tampere (Long)]
[with corrections to the "Gravitomagnetic Field" definition in the
Appendix, made in a recent email to James Cox, CC to me. PB.]
The Wallace Inventions, Spin Aligned Nuclei, The Gravitomagnetic Field,
and The Tampere Experiment: Is there a connection?
By: Robert Stirniman, May 1998
During the 1960s through the mid 1970s, Henry William Wallace was a
scientist at GE Aerospace in Valley Forge PA, and GE Re-Entry Systems in
Philadelphia. In the early 1970s, Wallace was issued patents (1,2,3) for
some unusual inventions relating to the gravitational field. Wallace
developed an experimental apparatus
for generating and detecting a secondary gravitational field, which he
named the kinemassic field, and which is now better known as the
gravitomagnetic field.
Wallace's experiments were based on aligning the nuclear spin of
elements and isotopes which have an odd number of nucleons. These
materials are characterized
by a total nuclear spin which is an odd integral multiple of one-half,
resulting in one nucleon with un-paired spin. Wallace drew an analogy
between the un-
paired angular momentum in these materials, and the un-paired magnetic
moments of electrons in ferromagnetic materials.
Wallace created nuclear spin alignment by rapidly spinning a brass disk,
of which essentially all isotopes have an odd number of nucleons.
Nuclear spin
becomes aligned in the spinning disk due to precession of nuclear
angular momentum in inertial space -- a process similar to the
magnetization developed
by rapidly spinning a ferrous material (known as the Barnett effect).
The gravitomagnetic field generated by the spinning disk is tightly
coupled (0.01
inch air gap) to a gravitomagnetic field circuit composed of material
having half integral nuclear spin, and analogous to magnetic core
material in
transformers and motors. The gravitomagnetic field is transmitted
through the field circuit and focused by the field material to a small
space where it can be
detected.
In his three patents, Wallace describes three different methods used for
detection of the gravitomagnetic field -- change in the motion of a body
on a
pivot, detection of a transverse voltage in a semiconductor crystal, and
a change in the specific heat of a crystal material having spin-aligned
nuclei. In
a direct analogy with a magnetic circuit, the relative amount of the
detected gravitomagnetic field always varied directly with the size of
the air-gap
between the generator disk and the field circuit.
Wallace's patents are written in great detail, and he appears to be
meticulous in his experimental design and practice. In my opinion, it is
nearly certain
that his experiments performed as claimed. None the less, there has been
no scientific acknowledgment whatsoever of Wallace's discoveries. An
in-depth
search of the literature has uncovered only two references to Wallaces
work (4, 5), and each of these references merely creates further
mystery.
The necessary existence of a magnetic-like gravitational field has been
well established by physicists specializing in general relativity,
gravitational theories, and cosmology. But, the existence of this field
is not well known in other of arenas of physical science. The
gravitomagnetic field was first hypothesized by Heaviside in the 1880's.
The field is predicted by general relativity, and was first formulated
in a relativistic context in 1918 by Lense and Thirring (6). In 1961,
Forward (7) was the first to express the gravitational field equations
in a vector form directly analogous and nearly identical to Maxwells
equations for electromagnetics.
During the last 20 years many other scientists, (8 to 17), have
published articles demonstrating the necessary existence of the
gravitomagnetic field,
using arguments based on general relativity, special relativity, and the
cause and effect relationship which results from non-instantaneous
propagation of
energy (retardation). Nearly all of these authors present the
gravitational field equations in a vector form similar to Maxwells
equations. Some authors
comment that these equations provide fundamental insights into
gravitation, and it is unfortunate that they are not at all well known.
Despite their relative
simplicity and possible practical value, Maxwells equations for
gravitation do not appear in any under- graduate physics textbook.
Just as in Maxwells equations for electromagnetics, it is found that in
the presence of a time varying gravitomagnetic flux there will always
exist concurrently a time varying gravitoelectric field. The secondary
generated gravitoelectric field is a dipole field, and unlike the
background gravito- electric field due to mass charges, the generated
gravitoelectric field always exists in closed loops. Henry Wallace
recognized this and described it in his inventions.
Wallace also describes another effect which may result from generation
of a secondary gravitoelectric field. Wallace believed that a secondary
gravito-
electric field can result in exclusion of an existing primary background
field. In other words, a gravitational shield can be created. The bulk
of Wallace's
patents describe his experimental apparatus, and his detection of the
gravitomagnetic field. The effects detected are minuscule, and as such,
may not
be of immediate practical value. In reading his patents it is possible
to become immersed in the detail of his experimental apparatus, and to
neglect the
possible significance of the alternative embodiment of his invention
(figures 7, 7A, and 7B of his first patent). The alternative embodiment
uses a time varying
gravitomagnetic flux to create a secondary gravitoelectric field in an
enclosed shell of material in order to shield the background
gravitoelectric field of the
earth.
Unfortunately, Wallace does not state whether this embodiment was ever
actually produced, and unlike the detailed discussion of his
experimental apparatus, he
provides no experimental findings or data to back his claim. Nor does he
provide much in the way of theoretical arguments about how a
secondary gravitoelectric
field can act to exclude a primary field, except to state: "It is well
known that nature opposes heterogeneous field flux densities."
Is it well known that nature opposes heterogeneous flux densities? Well,
not to me, and I can not find anything in the way of scientific
literature to directly
support this idea. But it does seem to make sense. It could be argued
thusly. In a well-ordered manifold all derivatives of the fields,
time-like and space-like,
must be continuous. If you force a field to exist in a region of space,
the existing background field is somehow required to form a pattern
around or
smoothly merge with the created field. Nature does not permit flux lines
to act with cross-purposes and to exist with widely different directions
in the same
region of space. Flux lines can never cross. Wallace seems to have
gotten his experiments right -- maybe he is also right in his claim of
inventing a
gravitational shield?
In a ground breaking paper in 1966, Dewitt (18) was first to identify
the significance of gravitational effects in a superconductor. Dewitt
demonstrated
that a magnetic-type gravitational field must result in the presence of
fluxoid quantization. In 1983, Dewitt's work was substantially expanded
by Ross (19).
Beginning in 1991, Ning Li, at the University of Alabama Huntsville, and
Douglas Torr, formerly at Huntsville and now at the University of South
Carolina, have
published a number of articles about gravitational effects in
superconductors (20, 21, 22). One interesting finding they have derived
is the source of
gravitomagnetic flux in a type II superconductor material. Guess what?
It is due to spin alignment of the lattice ions.
Quoting from Li and Torr's second paper: "The interaction energy of the
internal magnetic field with the magnetic moment of the lattice ions
drives the lattice
ions and superconducting condensate wave function to move together
vortically within the range of the coherent length and results in an
induced precession of
the angular momentum of the lattice ions." And quoting from their third
paper: "Recently we demonstrated theoretically that the carriers of
quantized angular
momentum are not the Cooper pairs but the lattice ions, which must
execute coherent localized motion consistent with the phenomenon of
superconductivity."
And, "It is shown that the coherent alignment of lattice ion spins will
generate a detectable gravitomagnetic field, and in the presence of a
time-dependent
applied magnetic vector potential field, a detectable gravitoelectric
field."
Li and Torr also demonstrate that the gravitomagnetic field in a super-
conductor has a relatively large magnitude compared with the magnetic
field -- a
factor of 10E11 times larger. The gravitational wave velocity in a
superconductor is estimated as a factor of two magnitudes smaller than
the
velocity in free space. And the resulting estimate of relative gravito-
magnetic permeability is four magnitudes (10 thousand times) greater
than the
permeability of free space. In their third paper, Torr and Li,
demonstrate that it is possible to generate a time varying
gravitomagnetic field in a
superconductor, which must exist concurrently with a time varying
gravitoelectric field.
In 1995, Becker et al (23), show mathematically that a significant size
gravitomagnetic field must always exist along with a magnetic field
whenever
there is flux pinning or other forms of flux trapping in a type II
superconductor. They propose a macroscopic experiment to detect the
gravitomagnetic field. Becker et al, choose not to speculate about the
source of the gravitomagnetic field, except to provide a brief comment
that it may result
from spin of the lattice ions. One might ask, what is a pinning center
if not a microscopic hole which carries trapped flux, and what must be
source of the
gravitomagnetic dipole moment if not the angular momentum of the lattice
ions at the pinning center?
In 1992, an experiment at Tampere University was reported by Podkletnov
(24, 25). A torroidal shaped type II superconductor disk was suspended
via the
Meissner effect by a constant vertical magnetic field, and was rapidly
rotated by a time varying horizontal magnetic field. Masses located in a
cylindrical
spacial geometry above the rotating disk were found to lose up to 2% of
their weight. A gravitational shielding effect is claimed.
Conclusion.
Is a time varying gravitomagnetic field generated in the Tampere disk
due to the horizontal time varying magnetic field used to rotate the
disk, and does this
result in a time varying gravitoelectric field in the disk, and possibly
also in the space surrounding the disk, and could this result in
exclusion of the
earth's primary background gravitoelectric field as claimed by Henry
Wallace?
Acknowledgments.
Many of the ideas in this article have been developed in personal
discussions with Kedrick Brown (http://home.att.net/~kfbrown/index.html).
I would also like
to thank Ron Kita for his kind support and useful background information
about Henry Wallace.
====================================================
References:
1. US Patent No 3626605, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Secondary
Gravitational Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's first patent. The gravitomagnetic field is named the
kinemassic field. The patent describes the embodiment of his experiment.
An additional embodiment
of the invention (Figures 7, 7A, and 7B) describes how a time varying
gravitomagnetic field can be used to shield the primary background
gravitoelectric field. Available on the net.
http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
2. US Patent No 3626606, Method and Apparatus for Generating a Dynamic
Force Field, Henry Wm Wallace, Ardmore PA, Dec 14, 1971.
Wallace's second patent provides a variation of his experiment. A type
III-V semiconductor material (Indium Arsenide), of which both materials
have unpaired
nuclear spin, is used as an electronic detector for the gravitomagnetic
field. The experiment demonstrates that the material in his
gravitomagnetic field
circuit has hysterisis and remanence effects analogous to magnetic
materials. Available on the net.
http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/weird/wallc/
3. US Patent No 3823570, Heat Pump, Henry Wm Wallace, 60 Oxford Drive,
Freeport NY, July 16, 1974 Wallaces third patent provides an additional
variation of his experiment. Wallace demonstrates that by aligning the
nuclear spin of materials having an odd number of nucleons, order is
created in the material, resulting in a change in specific heat.
4. New Scientist, 14 February 1980, Patents Review This article is one
of the only references to Wallace's work anywhere in the literature. The
article provides a brief summary of his invention and ends with this
intriguing paragraph. "Although the Wallace patents were initially
ignored as cranky, observers believe that his invention is now under
serious but secret investigation by the military authorities in the US.
The military may now regret that the patents have already been granted
and so are available for anyone to read."
5. Electric Propulsion Study, Dennis L. Cravens, Science Applications
International Corp, August 1990, Prepared for Astronautics Laboratory,
Edwards
AFB.This report provides a detailed review of a variety of 5-D theories
of gravitational and electromagnetic interactions. It also provides a
summary of a
variety of possibly anomalous experiments, including experiments
relating to spin aligned nuclei. The reports contains two paragraphs
about Wallace's
inventions -- partially quoted here: "The patents are written in a very
believable style which include part numbers, sources for some
components, and
diagrams of data. Attempts were made to contact Wallace using patent
addresses and other sources but he was not located nor is there a trace
of what became of
his work. The concept can be somewhat justified on general relativistic
grounds since rotating frames of time varying fields are expected to
emit gravitational
waves."
6. On the Gravitational Effects of Rotating Masses: The Lense-Thirring
Papers Translated, B. Mashhoon, F.W. Hehl, and D.S. Theiss. General
Relativity
and Gravitation, Vol 16:711-50 (1984) A translation of the original
article in German by J. Lense and H. Thirring published in 1918. This
article is the first fairly comprehensive analysis of the necessary
existence of the gravito- magnetic field. An earlier prediction of the
existence of this field was made by Heaviside in the 1880s.
7. Proceedings of the IRE Vol 49 p 892, Robert L. Forward (1961) Forward
was the first to express the gravitomagnetic field in the modern form of
Maxwells equations for gravitation. He named it the prorotational field.
8. Gravitation, C.W. Misner, K.S. Thorne, and J.A. Wheeler, Freeman
Publishing, San Francisco (1973).MTW is the bible of gravitational
theorists. Among many other theories presented, gravitational field
equations are derived from general relativity in a form similar to
Maxwells equations.
9. Laboratory Experiments to Test Relativistic Gravity, Vladimir B.
Braginsky, Carlton M. Caves, and Kip S. Thorne, Physical Review D, Vol
15 No 8
p2047, April 15 1977 Gravitational field equations are derived from
General Relativity in a form similar to Maxwells equations. The
gravitomagnetic field is called magnetic-type gravity. A variety of
experiments are proposed and analyzed for detecting the gravitomagnetic
field.
10. Foucault Pendulum at the South Pole: Proposal for an Experiment to
Detect the Earth's General Relativistic Gravitomagnetic Field, Vladimir
Braginsky, Aleksander Polnarev, and Kip Thorne, Physical Review Letters,
Vol 53 No 9 p863, August 1984 Analyses an experiment for detecting the
earth's gravitomagnetic field. Possibly the first authors to use the
terms gravitomagnetic and gravitoelectric.
11. On Relativistic Gravitation, D. Bedford and P. Krumm, American
Journal of Physics, Vol 53 No 9, September 1985 The necessary existence
of the gravitomagnetic field is derived from arguments based on apecial
relativity. The field is referred to as the gravitational analog of the
magnetic field.
12. The Gravitational Poynting Vector and Energy Transfer, Peter Krumm
and Donald Bedford, American Journal of Physics, Vol 55 No 4 p362, April
1987
Establishes the necessary existence of the gravitomagnetic field based
on arguments from special relativity and energy conservation in mass
flow. Derives
the gravitational Poynting vector. Names the two types of gravitational
fields as gravinetic and gravistatic.
13. Gravitomagnetism in Special Relativity, American Journal of Physics
Vol 56 No 6 p523, June 1988Predicts the existence of the gravitomagnetic
field using special relativity and time dilation. Names the fields
gravielectric and gravimagnetic.
14. Detection of the Gravitomagnetic Field Using an Orbiting
Superconducting Gravity Gradiometer: Theoretical Principles, Bahram
Mashhoon, Ho
Jung Paik, and Clifford Will, Physical Review D, Vol 39 No 10 p2825, May
1989.Provides a summary analysis of Maxwells equations for gravitation,
and an in-
depth analysis of the Gravity Probe-B orbital gyroscope experiment for
detecting the earth's gravitomagnetic field.
15. Analogy Between General Relativity and Electromagnetism for Slowly
Moving Particles in Weak Gravitational Fields, Edward G. Harris,
American
Journal of Physics, Vol 59 No 5, May 1991 Derives Maxwells equations for
gravitation from GR in the case of non-relativistic velocities and
relatively weak field strengths. A somewhat more direct method of
derivation is used compared with the PPN formulation used by Braginsky,
et al.
16. Gravitation and Inertia, Ignazio Ciufolini and John Wheeler,
Princeton Series in Physics, Princeton University Press (1995), Chapter
6 -- The
Gravitomagnetic Field and its Measurement. Derives the electromagnetic
analog of the gravitational field equations, and provides in-depth
analysis of experiments for detecting the gravitomagnetic field.
17. Causality, Electromagnetic Induction, and Gravitation. Oleg
Jefimenko, Electret Scientific Publishing, Star City WV (1992).
Jefimenko derives the electromagnetic field equations based on retarded
sources, (charges, moving charges, and accelerating charges). He applies
similar arguments to the gravitational field equations. If gravitational
energy propagates at any finite speed, the gravito- magnetic field must
exist. Maxwells equations for gravitation are presented. He also
presents an unusual configuration of mass which is predicted to provide
an antigravity effect.
18. Physics Review Letters, Vol 16 p1902, B.S. Dewitt (1966) I don't
have this paper, and can not provide a summary. Dewitt was the first to
analyze fluxoid quantization in a superconductor in the presence of a
time varying magnetic-type gravitational field.
19. The London Equations for Superconductors in a Gravitational Field,
D.K. Ross, Journal of Physics A, Vol 16 p1331. (1983) Maxwells equations
for gravitation are presented in vector form. Ross uses the name coined
by Forward for the gravitomagnetic field -- the prorotational field.
Fluxoid quantization is analyzed in the presence of a varying
gravitomagnetic field. Ross establishes that the momentum of a charged
particle in an electromagnetic and gravitational field is given (in MKS
units) by: p = mv +qA + mV, where V is the gravito- magnetic vector
potential, and A is the magnetic vector potential. The resulting
modified London equations are presented in covariant form.
20. Effects of a Gravitomagnetic Field on Pure Superconductors, Ning Li
and Douglas Torr, Physical Review D, Vol 43 No2 p457, January 1991
Li and Torr present Maxwells equations for gravitation using MKS units.
The equations are given in a form where the gravitomagnetic permeability
of a
superconductor material is presumed to be different than the
permeability of free space. Vector equations for the gravitational
potentials are also presented. The canonical momentum is derived (same
finding as Ross paper). It is established that an electrical current
also results in a mass current, and an inter- relationship is derived
between the magnetic field and gravitomagnetic field in a
superconductor. It is established that the magnetic flux in a
superconductor is a function of the gravitomagnetic permeability, and
vice versa, resulting in a more rigorous form of the Meissner equation
and the London theory. It is shown that the gravitomagnetic field must
have a relatively large size in a superconductor, and is on the order of
10E11 times larger than the magnetic field.
21. Gravitational Effects on the Magnetic Attenuation of
Superconductors, Ning Li and Douglas Torr, Physical Review B, Vol 64 No
9 p5489. September 1992.
Li and Torr elaborate on their theory of the interrelationship of the
gravitomagnetic field and the magnetic field in superconductors. It is
established that the gravitomagnetic field must be sourced by spin
alignment of the lattice ions. The velocity of a gravitational wave in a
superconductor is estimated to be two orders of magnitude slower than
the vacuum velocity, resulting in an estimate of relative gravitational
permeability of a superconductor material which is as much as four
magnitudes greater than free space.
22. Gravitoelectric-Electric Coupling Via Superconductivity, Douglas
Torr and Ning Li, Foundations of Physics Letters, Vol 6 No 4 p371.
(1993)
Torr and Li continue their analysis of gravitational effects in
superconductors. Abstract: "Recently we demonstrated theoretically that
the carriers of quantized
angular momentum are not the Cooper pairs but the latice ions, which
must execute coherent localized motion consistent with the phenomenon of
superconductivity. We demonstrate here that in the presence of an
external magnetic field, the free superelectron and bound ion currents
largely cancel
providing a self-consistent microscopic and macroscopic interpretation
of near- zero magnetic permeability inside superconductors. The neutral
mass currents,
however, do not cancel, because of the monopolar gravitational charge.
It is shown the coherent alignment of lattice ion spins will generate a
detectable
gravitomagnetic field, and in the presence of a time-dependent applied
magnetic vector potential field, a detectable gravitoelectric field."
23. Proposal for the Experimental Detection of Gravitomagnetism in the
Terrestrial Laboratory, Robert Becker, Paul Smith, and Heffrey Bertrand.
September 1995. Published on the net.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/RBecker/Gmexp2.htm
Becker, et al, demonstrate mathematically that a significant size
gravitomagnetic field must exist concurrently with a magnetic field in a
superconductor whenever there is flux pinning or other forms of flux
trapping.
An experiment is proposed whereby a small hole is made in a
superconductor, flux is trapped in the hole, and the gravito- magnetic
field is detected by measuring
counter-torque from a macroscopic cylindrical mass inserted through the
hole.
24. A Possibility of Gravitational Force Shielding by Bulk YBa2Cu3O7-x
Superconductor, E. Podkletnov and R. Nieminen, Physica C Vol 203 p441
(1992) Podkletnov describes an experiment where a 2% reduction in weight
is created in a mass suspended over a levitated and rotating super-
conductor disk. A detailed
compilation of information about this experiment is available on the net
at Pete Skegg's website.
http://www.inetarena.com/~noetic/pls/gravity.html
25. Weak Gravitational Shielding Properties of Composite Bulk
Yba2Cu3O7-x Superconductor Below 70K Under EM Field, Eugene Podkletnov,
LANL Physics
Preprint Server, Cond-Mat/9701074, January 1997. Podkletnov provides
greater detail about his experimental apparatus and the construction of
the superconductor disk. Available on the net.
http://www.gravity.org/msu.html
==========================================
Appendix - MKS Units for the Gravitomagnetic Field.
Gravitoelectric Charge = Kg
(in purely electrical units, Kg = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)(Sec)
Gravitoelectric Field = Meter/Sec-Squared
Gravitoelectric Flux Density = Kg/Meter-Squared
Mass Current = Kg/Sec = (Weber/Meter)(Coul/Meter)
Gravitomagnetic Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter-Squared)/Sec
= Angular Momentum
= (Coulomb)(Weber)
Gravitoelectric Dipole Moment = (Kg)(Meter) (You would need the
equivalent of
negative mass to make one of these)
Gravitomagnetic Charge = (Velocity)(Meter) = Square-Meter/Sec
Gravitomagnetic Field = (Mass Current)/Meter
= Kg/Sec-Meter
= ((Kg-Meter^2)/Sec))/Meter^3
= Spin Density
= (Angular Momentum)/Cubic-Meter
= (Coulomb)(Weber)/Meter^3
[A spin-wave is a gravtiomagnetic wave.]
Gravitomagnetic Flux Density = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter^2
= Velocity/Meter
= 1/Sec = Angular Velocity
Gravitoelectric Scalar Potential = Joule/Kg
= (Acceleration)(Meter)
= (Gravitoelectric Field)(Meter)
= Velocity-Squared
= Meter-Squared/Second-Squared
Gravitomagnetic Vector Potential = (Gravitomagnetic Charge)/Meter
= Velocity = Meter/Sec
Gravitoelectric Permitivity = Gravitoelectric Flux per Gravitoelectric
Field
= (Kg)(Second-Squared)/(Cubic Meter)
= 1/4(Pi)(G) = 1.1927E09 Kg-Sec^2/Meter^3
Gravitomagnetic Permeability = Gravitomagnetic Flux per Gravitomagnetic
Field
= Meter/Kg
Assuming Gravitational Waves Propagate at the Velocity of Light --
= 1/(c-squared)(epsilon0)
= 9.316E-27 Meter/Kg
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